Dambulla is known for its ancient cave temples, which date back to the 1st century BCE. The Dambulla Cave Temples are a UNESCO World Heritage site and consist of five caves that contain more than 150 Buddha statues and murals depicting scenes from the Buddha’s life. These caves were used as a refuge by King Valagamba during the 1st century BCE, and later, they became a significant Buddhist religious site. The statues and murals inside the caves are masterpieces of ancient Sri Lankan art.

The cultural value of Dambulla lies in its role as a major center of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. The cave temples represent the evolution of religious art in Sri Lanka, with the murals illustrating the development of the island’s Buddhist traditions. The statues, many of which are life-sized, depict various forms of the Buddha, including the reclining Buddha, which is a central image in Sri Lankan Buddhist art.

Dambulla also holds historical significance as a royal sanctuary and an important pilgrimage site. The caves, along with the surrounding complex of temples and shrines, offer a glimpse into the island’s rich religious and cultural heritage. The site remains a popular destination for those interested in Sri Lanka’s history and its long-standing connection to Buddhism.